She had two sisters, Sheyna (born 1889) and Tzipke (born 1902), as well as five other siblings who died in childhood. Meir wrote in her autobiography that her earliest memories were of her father boarding up the front door in response to rumours of an imminent pogrom. Golda Mabovitch was born to a Ukrainian Jewish family in downtown Kiev, Russian Empire (present-day Ukraine) on May 3, 1898, to Blume Neiditch (died 1951) and Moshe Mabovitch (died 1944), a carpenter. Most historians believe Meir was more successful as Secretary of Labor and Housing than as Premier. In addition, her dismissive statements towards the Palestinians were widely scorned. Meir died in 1978 of lymphoma and was buried on Mount Herzl.Ī controversial figure in Israel, Meir has been lionized as a founder of the state and described as the "Iron Lady" of Israeli politics, but also widely blamed for the country being caught by surprise during the war of 1973. Her Alignment coalition was denied a majority in the subsequent legislative election she resigned the following year and was succeeded as prime minister by Yitzhak Rabin. The resulting public anger damaged Meir's reputation and led to an inquiry into the failings. The outbreak of the Yom Kippur War in 1973 caught Israel off guard and inflicted severe early losses on the army. Early in her tenure, she made multiple diplomatic visits with western leaders to promote her vision of peace in the region. In 1969, Meir assumed the role of prime minister following the death of Levi Eshkol. She retired from the ministry in 1966 due to ill health. Meir was elected to the Knesset in 1949 and served as Labor Minister until 1956, when she was appointed Foreign Minister by Prime Minister David Ben-Gurion. She was a signatory of the Israeli Declaration of Independence in 1948. Meir held several key roles in the Jewish Agency during and after the Second World War.
In 1934 she was elevated to the executive committee of the trade union. In 1921, Meir and her husband emigrated to Mandatory Palestine, settling in Merhavia, later becoming the kibbutz's representative to the Histadrut. While in Milwaukee, she embraced the Labor Zionist movement. She graduated from the Milwaukee State Normal School and found work as a teacher. īorn in Kiev in the Russian Empire to Ukrainian Jewish parents, she immigrated as a child with her family to the United States in 1906. She was Israel's first and only female head of government, the first female head of government in the Middle East, and the fourth elected female head of government or state in the world.
Golda Meir ( née Mabovitch – 8 December 1978) was an Israeli politician who served as the fourth Prime Minister of Israel from 1969 to 1974.
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